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stand verb | noun
 1 
stand / stAnd ; stAnd /verb (past tense and past participle stood) / stud ; stJd /
1. BE ON FEET 站立 also be standing up, Ito support yourself on your feet or be in an upright position站立:
•It looks like we'll have to stand – there are no seats left.看来我们只能站着 — 没有座位了。
•She stood in the doorway.她站在门口。
Stand still ( = do not move )
•and listen to me.站好别动，听我说。
•Don't just stand there (=stand and not do anything) – help me!不要光站在那里，帮帮我！
stand on tiptoe / stand on your toes ( = support yourself on your toes )踮起脚尖站立
•If he stood on tiptoe, he could reach the shelf.他踮起脚尖就能够到架子了。
stand (somewhere) doing sth
•They just stood there laughing.他们只是站在那里笑。
•We stood watching the rain fall.我们站着看雨点飘落。
2. RISE 起立 also stand up, Ito rise to an upright position站起来，起立:
•Smiling, she stood and closed the blinds.她微笑着站起来，关上了百叶窗。
3. STEP 一步, I always + adv / prep
a. to step a short distance走，迈〔一小步〕:
[+ back / aside ]
•She stood back to let him in.她退后一步让他进来。
stand clear of sth BrE ( =step away from something in order to be safe ) 不靠近某处，避开某物:
•Stand clear of the doors, please.请别靠近门。
b. BrEto accidentally step on or insomething〔无意中〕踩到（踏上）某物:
[+ on / in ]
•Don't stand in that puddle!别踩在水坑里！
4. IN A PARTICULAR POSITION 处于某一位置, I,T usually + adv / prepto be upright in a particular position, or to put something or someone somewhere in an upright position（使）直立，（使）竖放:
•A lamp stood on the table.桌子上放着一盏灯。
•Near the railway station stood a hotel.火车站附近有家酒店。
•Some remains of the original house still stand.原先那所房子的残壁断垣还在。
stand sth on / in etc sth
•Can you stand that pole in the corner for now?你能暂时把那根柱子竖在角落里吗？
•I closed the lid and stood the case against the wall.我关上盖子，把盒子靠墙立好。
stand sb (up) on sth
•Stand Molly up on a chair so she can see.让莫莉站到椅子上，这样她就能够看见了。
5. IN A STATE / CONDITION 处于某种状况/情形, linking verbto be or stay in a particular state or condition处于〔某种状态〕:
•The kitchen door stood open so she went in.厨房门开着，于是她走了进去。
stand empty / idle ( = not being used )空着/闲置着
•scores of derelict houses standing empty大量闲置的废弃房子
•I'm not too thrilled with the way things stand (=the state that the situation is in) at the moment.我对目前的情况感觉不是很兴奋。
•The evidence as it stands (=as it is now) cannot be conclusive.现在的证据还不确凿。
where / how do things stand? ( = used to ask what is happening in a situation )目前情况如何？
•Where do things stand in terms of the budget?预算情况怎么样？
•I will know within the next month or two how I stand (=what my situation is) .接下来的一两个月之内我就会知道自己处境如何了。
stand united / divided ( = agree or disagree completely )意见统一/分歧
•He urged the whole community to stand united and to reject terrorism.他敦促整个社会团结起来抵制恐怖主义。
stand prepared / ready to do sth ( = be prepared to do something whenever it is necessary )准备好做某事
•We should stand ready to do what is necessary to guarantee the peace.我们应该时刻准备着采取一切必要手段确保和平。
•countries that have stood together (=stayed united) in times of crisis在危机时刻团结起来的国家
stand in awe of sb ( = admire them, be afraid of them, or both )敬畏某人
6. NOT LIKE 不喜欢, can't stand spokenused to say that you do not like someone or something at all, or that you think that something is extremely unpleasant不能忍受〔某人或某物〕;SYNcan't bear
•I can't stand bad manners.我不能容忍没有礼貌。
•I know he can't stand the sight of me.我知道他不喜欢看到我。
can't stand (sb / sth) doing sth
•Lily can't stand working in an office.莉莉不喜欢办公室工作。
•I can't stand people smoking around me when I'm eating.我受不了吃饭时有人在我附近抽烟。
can't stand to do sth
•She can't stand to hear them arguing.听到他们争吵她就难受。
7. ACCEPT A SITUATION 接受某种情况, T usually in questions and negativesto be able to accept or deal well with a difficult situation接受，对付; 忍受;SYNtolerate
can / could stand sth
•I couldn't stand the thought of leaving Danielle.想到要离开丹妮尔我简直受不了。
•I've had about as much as I can stand of your arguing!你们的争吵我再也听不下去了！
•I don't know if I can stand the waiting any longer.再等下去，我不知道我是否受得了。
can stand sb doing sth
•How can you stand Marty coming home late all the time?你怎么能容忍马蒂老是很晚回家？
•She's a strong woman who stands no nonsense from anyone.她是个很强的女人，不能忍受任何人的无理行为。
8. BE GOOD ENOUGH 足够好, Tto be good or strong enough to last a long time or to experience a particular situation without being harmed, damaged, etc经得起，经受:
•Linen can stand very high temperatures.亚麻能经受很高的温度。
•His poetry will stand the test of time (=stay popular) .他的诗经得起时间的考验。
9. stand to do sth to be likely to do or have something很可能会做某事，可能有某物:
stand to gain / lose / win / make
•What do firms think they stand to gain by merging?公司认为通过合并会得到什么好处？
•After the oil spill, thousands of fishermen stand to lose their livelihoods.石油泄漏发生后，许多渔民很可能会失去生计。
10. NOT MOVE 不动, Ito stay in a particular place without moving停放在某位置，处于某状态; 没有移动过;
⇒standstill:
•The car's been standing in the garage for weeks.这辆汽车停在车库里好几个星期了。
•The mixture was left to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes.混合料在室温下放置了 15 分钟。
•The train was already standing at the platform.火车已经停在站台上。
11. HEIGHT 高度, linking verbformalto be a particular height高度为，高达:
•The trophy stands 5 feet high .这奖杯高 5 英尺。
•John stood 6 feet tall .约翰身高 6 英尺。
12. LEVEL / AMOUNT 水平/数量, linking verbto be at a particular level or amount有…水平（数量）:
[+ at ]
•His former workforce of 1,300 now stands at 220.他以前有 1300 名职工，现在只有 220 人。
•Illiteracy rates are still thought to stand above 50 percent.据认为文盲比例仍超过 50%。
13. RANK / POSITION 级别/职位, I always + adv / prepto have a particular rank or position when compared with similar things or people〔和同类相比〕位于，处于〔某种地位〕;SYNrank
•The president stands high in the public opinion polls.总统在民意调查中排名很高。
•How do their sales stand in relation to those of similar firms?与同类公司相比较，他们的销售情况如何？
•His book could stand alongside the best.他的书能够和最优秀的书籍不相上下。
14. ELECTION 选举, IBrEto try to become elected to a council, parliament etc竞选; 当候选人;SYNrun AmE:
[+ for ]
•She announced her intention to stand for Parliament.她宣布说打算参加议员竞选。
15. DECISION / OFFER 决定/提议, I not in progressiveif a decision, offer etc stands, it continues to exist, be correct, or be VALID保持有效，维持不变:
•Despite protests, the official decision stood.尽管有人抗议，官方决定维持不变。
•My offer of help still stands.我主动提出帮助仍然算数。
16. if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen used to tell someone that they should leave a job or situation if they cannot deal with its difficulties如果你应付不了，那就撒手别干
17. sb / sth could stand sth used to say very directly that it would be a good idea for someone to do something or for something to happen某人最好做某事; 某事应该发生:
•His smile exposed teeth that could stand a good scrubbing.他那一笑露出了牙齿，那真该好好刷一刷了。
sb could stand to do sth
•My doctor told me I could stand to lose a few pounds.我的医生说我该减掉几磅体重了。
18. I stand corrected spoken formalused to admit that your opinion or something that you just said was wrong我接受批评，我承认错误〔用于承认自己的观点或刚才说过的话是错误的〕
19. where sb stands someone's opinion about something某人（对某事）的看法（态度）:
[+ on ]
•We still do not know where he stands on the matter.我们仍然不知道他对此事的看法。
•You must decide where you stand.你必须决定自己的立场。
20. from where I stand spokenaccording to what I know or feel据我所知; 在我看来:
•I knew from where I stood that the stocks were practically worthless.据我所知，这些股票几乎一钱不值了。
21. know where you stand (with sb) to know how someone feels about you, or what you are allowed to do in a particular situation知道（某人）对自己的看法，知道你被允许做什么:
•At least we know where we stand with Steven now.至少我们现在知道斯蒂芬对我们的看法了。
•I'd like to know where I stand.我想知道我可以做什么。
•It helps to know where you stand legally.这有助于了解你可以合法地做些什么。
22. stand to attention BrE; stand at attention AmEif soldiers stand to attention, they stand very straight and stiff to show respect〔士兵〕立正
23. stand on your head / hands to support yourself on your head or hands, with your feet in the air用头/手支撑倒立
24. stand in line AmEto wait in a line of people until it is your turn to do something排队;SYNqueue BrE:
•Customers stood in line for 20 minutes at the cash register.顾客在收银机前排了 20 分钟的队。
25. stand firm / stand fast
a. to refuse to be forced to move backwards拒不后退; 拒不让步:
•She stood firm, blocking the entrance.她拒不后退，堵住了入口。
b. to refuse to change your opinions, intentions, or behaviour坚持立场; 拒不让步:
•The government continued to stand firm and no concessions were made.政府继续采取强硬态度，拒不让步。
[+ on / against ]
•He stands firm on his convictions.他坚持自己的信念。
26. stand pat AmEto refuse to change a decision, plan etc坚持不变:
[+ on ]
•Harry's standing pat on his decision to fire Janice.哈里坚持解雇贾尼丝的决定。
27. stand alone
a. to continue to do something alone, without help from anyone else继续独自做某事:
•Some of the Pacific islands are too small to stand alone as independent states.太平洋上的有些岛屿太小，无法作为独立的国家存在。
b. to be much better than anything or anyone else出类拔萃:
•For sheer entertainment value, Kelly stood alone.纯粹从娱乐价值而言，凯莉是出类拔萃的。
28. stand still to not change or progress at all, even though time has passed毫无变化; 停滞不前:
•No industry can stand still.任何一种工业都不能止步不前。
Time
•seems to have stood still in this lovely hotel.在这家美丽的酒店里，时间仿佛停顿了似的。
29. stand a chance / hope (of doing sth) to be likely to be able to do something or to succeed有机会/有希望（做某事）:
•You'll stand a better chance of getting a job with a degree.你有了学位找到工作的机会就更大。
•Maybe their relationship had never really stood a chance.也许他们的爱情从来就是没有希望的。
30. stand in sb's way also s tand in the way to prevent someone from doing something阻止某人:
•I always encouraged Brian. I didn't want to stand in his way.我始终鼓励布莱恩，我可不想做他的绊脚石。
•You can't stand in the way of progress!你无法阻挡前进的脚步！
31. stand on your own (two) feet to be able to do what you need to do, earn your own money, etc without help from others自立，独立自主:
•She's never learned to stand on her own feet.她从来都没学会自立。
32. it stands to reason (that) used to say that something should be completely clear to anyone who is sensible这是明摆着的（…）:
•It stands to reason that you cannot find the right person to do a job unless you know exactly what that job is.除非你确切知道那是件什么工作，否则你就无法找到做那件工作的合适人选，这是明摆着的。
33. stand or fall by / on sth to depend on something for success成败取决于某事物:
•The case against him will stand or fall on its own merits.指控他的那件案子成功与否，将取决于其本身的情况。
34. LIQUID 液体, Ia liquid that stands does not flow or is not made to move〔液体〕不流动，处于静止状态:
•standing pools of marsh water一潭潭静止不动的沼泽积水
35. stand guard (over sb / sth) to watch someone or something so that they do not do anything wrong or so that nothing bad happens to them照看，守卫（某人/某物）:
•Soldiers stand guard on street corners.士兵守卫在街角上。
•You must stand guard over him at all times.你必须随时看管着他。
36. stand bail BrEto promise to pay money if someone does not return to a court of law to be judged保释
37. stand trial to be brought to a court of law to have your case examined and judged〔在法庭上〕受审:
[+ for / on ]
•Gresham will stand trial for murder.格雷沙姆将因谋杀罪而受审。
•The accused was ordered to stand trial on a number of charges.勒令被告为数项指控受审。
38. stand accused (of sth)
a. to be the person in a court of law who is being judged for a crime被指控（某事），被控告（某事）:
•The former president stands accused of lying to the nation's parliament.前总统被指控对国会撒谎。
b. if you stand accused of doing something bad or wrong, other people say that you have done it被指责（某事）:
•The radio station stands accused of racism.这家电台被指责种族歧视。
39. stand tall
a. to stand with your back straight and your head raised站得笔挺，昂首挺胸:
•Stand tall with your feet comfortably apart.站直身，两脚自然分开。
b. AmEto be proud and feel ready to deal with anything充满信心，信心十足:
•We will stand tall and fight for issues of concern to our community.我们充满信心，准备为关系到我们社区的事而力争。
40. sb can do sth standing on their head informalused to say that someone is able to do something easily某人能轻而易举地做某事:
•This is basic stuff. I can do it standing on my head.这是很初级的东西，我闭着眼睛也能做。
41. be stood on its head if something is stood on its head, it becomes the opposite of what it was before彻底推翻，完全相反:
•One area of the business which has been stood on its head is internal communications.这家企业和以前完全不同的一个方面是内部通讯。
42. not stand on ceremony BrEto not worry about the formal rules of polite behaviour随便; 不拘礼节:
•Come on, Mal, don't stand on ceremony here at home.行啦，马尔，在家里就不必拘礼了。
43. stand sb a drink / meal etc BrEto pay for something as a gift to someone请某人喝酒/吃饭等:
•Come on, Jack, I'll stand you a drink if you like.来吧，杰克，你愿意的话，我来请你喝一杯。
⇒make sb's hair stand on end at HAIR(8)
⇒leave sb / sth standing at LEAVE¹ (15)
⇒not have a leg to stand on atLEG1(7)
⇒stand / serve / hold sb in good stead at STEAD(2)
⇒stand your ground at GROUND¹ (7)
 PHRASAL VERBS 
stand against sb / sth
to oppose a person, organization, plan, decision etc反对:
•She hadn't the strength to stand against her aunt's demands.她无力反对她姑妈的要求。
•There are only a hundred of them standing against an army of 42,000 troops.他们只有 100 人来抗击 4.2 万人的军队。
stand around
to stand somewhere and not do anything〔无所事事地〕闲站着:
•We stood around saying goodbye for a while.我们闲站了一会相互道别。
stand by
1. to not do anything to help someone or prevent something from happening袖手旁观;
⇒bystander:
•I'm not going to stand by and see her hurt.我不能袖手旁观看着她受伤害。
2. stand by sth to keep a promise, agreement etc, or to say that something is still true信守〔诺言〕; 遵守〔协定〕; 坚持某事物:
•I stand by what I said earlier.我坚持早先说的话。
•He stood by his convictions.他坚持自己的信仰。
3. stand by sb to stay loyal to someone and support them, especially in a difficult situation〔尤指在困难情况下〕继续忠于某人; 支持某人:
•His wife stood by him during his years in prison.他坐牢的那几年里妻子一直支持他。
4. to be ready to do something if necessary准备行动;
⇒standby:
•Rescue crews were standing by in case of a breakdown.救援人员随时待命抢修故障。
[+ for ]
•Stand by for our Christmas competition.准备好参加我们的圣诞比赛。
stand by to do sth
•Police stood by to arrest any violent fans.警察时刻准备着逮捕有暴力行为的球迷。
stand down BrE
1. to agree to leave your position or to stop trying to be elected, so that someone else can have a chance辞职; 退出竞选;SYNstep down AmE:
[+ as ]
•He was obliged to stand down as a Parliamentary candidate.他被迫退出议员竞选。
2. to leave the WITNESS BOX in a court of law离开证人席
3. stand (sb) down if a soldier stands down or is stood down, he stops working for the day〔士兵〕下岗; 把〔士兵〕撤下岗
stand for sth
1. if a letter or symbol stands for something, it represents a word or idea, especially as a short form代表; 象征; 意味着:
•What does ATM stand for?ATM 是什么意思？
2. to support a particular set of ideas, values, or principles主张; 支持; 拥护:
•It's hard to tell what the party stands for these days.如今这个党派的主张是什么很难说清楚。
3. not stand for sth BrEto not allow something to continue to happen or someone to do something不能容忍某事物:
•She's been lying about me, and I won't stand for it.她一直乱说我坏话，我不会容忍下去的。
stand in
to temporarily do someone else's job or take their place暂时代替〔某人〕;
⇒stand-in:
[+ for ]
•Would you mind standing in for me for a while?你临时替我一会行吗？
stand out
1. to be very easy to see or notice显眼; 突出:
•The outlines of rooftops and chimneys stood out against the pale sky.屋顶和烟囱的轮廓在灰暗的天空下显得很醒目。
•She always stood out in a crowd .她在人群中总是显得很突出。
•I am sure illnesses stand out in all childhood memories.我敢肯定，在所有的儿时记忆中，对生病的记忆是很清晰的。
2. to be much better than other similar people or things出色;
⇒standout:
[+ as ]
•That day still stands out as the greatest day in my life.那天仍是我一生中最美好的日子。
[+ from / among / above ]
•Three of the cars we tested stood out among the rest.我们测试的汽车中有三辆比其他的要出色。
3. to rise up from a surface rs we凸出，伸出:
•The veins stood out on his throat and temples.他喉咙和太阳穴上青筋凸出。
stand out against sth
BrEto be strongly opposed to an idea, plan etc坚决（强烈）反对:
•We must stand out against bigotry.我们必须坚决反对顽固的偏见。
stand over sb
to stand very close behind someone and watch as they work to make sure they do nothing wrong〔站在某人身后〕严密监督（监视）:
•I can't concentrate with him standing over me like that.他那样监视着我，我无法集中注意力。
stand to
BrEto order a soldier to move into a position so that they are ready for action, or to move into this position命令〔士兵〕进入战备状态;〔士兵〕进入战备状态:
stand sb to
•The men have been stood to.这些士兵已受命进入战备状态。
stand up
1. to be on your feet or to rise to your feet站立，站;
⇒stand-up:
•I've been standing up all day.我已经站了一天。
•Stand up straight and don't slouch!站直喽，别没精打采的！
•Jim stood up stiffly.吉姆僵直地站了起来。
2. always + adv / prepto stay healthy or in good condition in a difficult environment or after a lot of hard use耐受; 耐用; 经得起:
[+ to ]
•Most of the plants stood up well to the heat.这些植物大多数都能耐高温。
3. to be proved to be true, correct, useful etc when tested站得住脚; 证明真实（正确，有用等）:
[+ to / under ]
•The memoirs stand up well to crosschecking with other records.这些传说经得起与其他记录的交叉核对。
•Without a witness, the charges will never stand up in court (=be successfully proved in a court of law) .没有证人，这些指控在法庭上是绝对站不住脚的。
4. stand sb up informalto not meet someone who you have arranged to meet未与某人如约见面，使某人空等:
•I was supposed to go to a concert with Kyle on Friday, but he stood me up.我星期五本来要跟凯尔一起去听音乐会的，但他失约了，让我空等一场。
5. stand up and be counted to make it very clear what you think about something when this is dangerous or might cause trouble for you〔对危险或可能引起麻烦的事物〕公开表明立场（态度）
stand up for sb / sth
to support or defend a person or idea when they are being attacked支持; 保卫; 维护:
•It's time we stood up for our rights.该是我们维护自己权利的时候了。
•Silvia is capable of standing up for herself.西尔维娅能够维护自己的利益。
stand up to sb / sth
to refuse to accept unfair treatment from a person or organization拒绝接受〔某人或组织〕的不公平对待，抵抗:
•He'll respect you more if you stand up to him.如果你不向他屈服，他会更尊重你。
•Cliff couldn't stand up to bullying.克利夫不能勇敢反对恃强凌弱的行为。
 2 
standnoun C
1. FOR SUPPORT 作支撑用, a piece of furniture or equipment used to hold or support something架; 台; 座:
•a music stand乐谱架
•a cake stand蛋糕架
•He adjusted the microphone stand.他调整了一下话筒架。
coat stand / hat stand ( = for hanging coats or hats on )衣架/帽架
2. FOR SELLING 作销售用, a table or small structure used for selling or showing things售货台（亭）; 货摊，摊位;SYNstall BrE:
•a hotdog stand热狗摊
•an exhibition stand展台
•The shop was crowded with display stands and boxes.这家商店里摆满了陈列台和盒子。
•One week three magazines hit the stands (=became available to buy) with Peace Corps stories.一星期有三份刊登维和部队故事的杂志上架。
⇒NEWSSTAND
⇒picture on page A13
3. OPINION / ATTITUDE 观点/态度, usually singulara position or opinion that you state firmly and publicly〔公开表明的〕主张，立场:
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•the Republicans' conservative stand on social and environmental issues共和党在社会和环境问题上的保守立场
•She was accused of not taking a stand on feminism or civil rights.她被指责在女权主义或人权问题上没有立场。
4. OPPOSE / DEFEND 反对/防御, a strong effort to defend yourself or to oppose something防御; 反抗，抵抗:
take / make / mount a stand (against sth)
•We have to take a stand against racism.我们必须坚决反对种族歧视。
5. the stands pl. also stand BrEa building where people stand or sit to watch the game at a sports ground〔体育场内的〕看台;
⇒grandstand:
•In the stands, fifty of Jess's friends and family have come to watch her last game.在看台上，杰丝的朋友及其家人共有五十人前来观看她的最后一场比赛。
6. the stand a WITNESS BOX证人席:
•Will the next witness please take the stand (=go into the witness box) ?请下一位证人出庭作证。
7. CRICKET 板球, the period of time in which two BATSMEN are playing together in a game of CRICKET , or the points that they get during this time〔两个击球员在一局内对三柱门的〕持续防守，坚持防守; 持续防守得分
8. TAXIS / BUSES 出租车/公共汽车, a place where taxis or buses stop and wait for passengers出租车站; 公共汽车站:
•There's a taxi stand on Glen Road.格伦路上有个出租车站。
9. TREES 树, a group of trees of one type growing close together林分，〔某一种〕植物群丛:
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•a stand of eucalyptus trees桉树丛

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