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■contribute与contribution


无论是动词或名词，意义都不一定限于正面的“贡献”，也可以表示负面的“助长作用”。【例如】air travel's contribution to global warming航空交通对全球变暖起的影响 / Soaring land prices contribute to the high cost of housing. 地价飞涨，使得建房成本很高。/ His carelessness contributed to the accident. 他的粗心大意，也是造成事故的一个原因。/ Smoking is a major factor contributing to lung cancer. 吸烟是引起肺癌的一个主要因素。

See also: further

contribute
(once / 93 pages)

To contribute something is to provide a part of the whole. When your company has their annual softball game and potluck picnic, you will probably be asked to contribute a dish, like your famous macaroni salad.
Contribute comes from a Latin word that means “to bring together, add, or unite.” When you contribute to a cause, you are adding to what other people have kicked in, which makes the effort complete. You can contribute your singing talent to a traveling a cappella group; you can contribute money or time to save rhinoceroses; you can contribute cupcakes to the gymnastics team bake sale; or you can even contribute ideas on healthcare reform to a Washington think tank.
WORD FAMILY
contribute: contributed, contributes, contributing, contribution, contributive, contributor, contributory/contribution: contributions/contributive: contributively/contributor: contributors
USAGE EXAMPLES
AP writer Joshua Goodman contributed to this report from Bogota, Colombia.
Washington Times(Jul 11, 2014)
Brian Bennett in the Washington bureau contributed to this report.
Los Angeles Times(Jul 11, 2014)
Newspaper columnists suggested Watson – whose campaigning on phone hacking contributed to the downfall of the Prime Minister communications director Andy Coulson ­– was stoking a “witch-hunt.”
Time(Jul 10, 2014)
Sharpe could not abide music; something in its vibrations agitated his animal spirits and contributed to his peevish disposition.
Literature(Jul 10, 2014)
It's unclear if dyslexia makes children a more likely target for abuse or if physical abuse contributes to problems with learning, the study's authors said.
US News(Jul 10, 2014)
1
vprovide
Synonyms:
put up
2
vcontribute to some cause
Synonyms:
chip in, give, kick in
3
vbestow a quality on
Synonyms:
add, bestow, bring, impart, lend
4
vbe conducive to
Synonyms:
conduce, lead
contribute

[verb]

1 = give, add, bestow, chip in (informal), donate, provide, subscribe, supply

2 contribute to

= be partly responsible for, be conducive to, be instrumental in, help, lead to, tend to

con·trib·ute
\\kən-ˈtri-byət, -(ˌ)byüt also & especially before -ed or -ing -ˈtri-bət; chiefly Brit also ˈkän-trə-ˌbyüt\\ verb
(-ut·ed ; -ut·ing)
 ETYMOLOGY  Latin contributus, past participle of contribuere, from com- + tribuere to grant — more at tribute
 DATE  1530
transitive verb
1. to give or supply in common with others
    contribute money to a cause
2. to supply (as an article) for a publication
intransitive verb
1.
  a. to give a part to a common fund or store
      contribute to a fund-raising campaign
  b. to play a significant part in bringing about an end or result
      many players have contributed to the team's success
2. to submit articles to a publication
• con·trib·u·tor \\-byə-tər, -bə-, -ˌbyü-\\ noun

contribute

verb
 OPAL W
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːt/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they contribute
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːt/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/
he / she / it contributes
/kənˈtrɪbjuːts/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːts/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːts/
past simple contributed
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːtɪd/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/
past participle contributed
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːtɪd/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/
-ing form contributing
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪŋ/, /ˈkɒntrɪbjuːtɪŋ/
/kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪŋ/
jump to other results
  1.  
     [intransitive, transitive] to give something, especially money or goods, to help achieve or provide something捐献，捐赠（尤指金钱或物品）；捐助
    • Do you wish to contribute?你想捐助吗？
    • contribute to/towards something Would you like to contribute to our collection?你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗？
    • to contribute to your pension为您的退休金供款
    • contribute something Check with your financial planner to make sure that you are contributing the correct amounts.请与您的财务规划师联系，以确保您贡献了正确的金额。
    • contribute something to/towards something We contributed £5 000 to the earthquake fund.我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。
    Extra Examples
    • I would like to contribute to the church restoration fund.我愿向教堂修缮基金捐款。
    • Many people contributed generously to the appeal.许多人响应这一呼吁，慷慨解囊。
    • The company contributed $50 000 towards training costs.这家公司提供了5万英镑作培训之用。
    • a situation where husband and wife contribute equally to the family budget夫妻双方平等负担家庭预算的情况
    • The writer personally contributed £5 000 to the earthquake fund.那个作家个人向地震基金捐了5 000英镑。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • enormously
    • generously
    • greatly
    • …
    verb + contribute
    • be asked to
    • be encouraged to
    preposition
    • to
    • towards/​toward
    phrases
    • have little, a lot, etc. to contribute (to something)
    See full entry
  2.  
     [intransitive] to be one of the causes of something是…的原因之一
    • Human error may have been a contributing factor.人为过错可能是一个起作用的因素。
    • contribute to something It is well known that UV radiation contributes to the development of skin cancer.众所周知，紫外线辐射有助于皮肤癌的发展。
    • Investment in transport contributes to overall economic growth.交通运输投资有助于整体经济增长。
    • Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.据说医务人员的玩忽职守是她死亡的原因之一。
    • England fans are contributing hugely to the success of this event.英格兰球迷为这项赛事的成功做出了巨大贡献。
    • US policy has contributed to the problem.美国的政策导致了这个问题。
    • Several factors may be contributing to the fall in the number of applicants.几个因素可能导致申请人数量下降。
    Language Bank causecauseX causes YX 导致 Y
      • Childhood obesity can cause/lead to long-term health problems.儿童肥胖可能导致长期的健康问题。
      • Changes in lifestyle and diet over the last twenty years have caused/led to/resulted in a sharp increase in childhood obesity.过去二十年生活方式及饮食的变化导致肥胖儿童数量急剧上升。
      • Several factors, including changes in diet and lifestyle, have contributed to the increase in childhood obesity.包括饮食及生活方式变化在内的多个因素促使肥胖儿童数量增加。
      • Research suggests that fast food and soft drinks directly contribute to childhood obesity.研究表明快餐和软饮料会直接导致儿童肥胖。
      • Genetics, lifestyle and diet are all important factors in cases of childhood obesity.基因、生活方式和饮食都是造成儿童肥胖的重要因素。
      • Even small changes in lifestyle and diet can bring about significant weight loss.甚至生活方式及饮食的细微变化都可能带来明显的体重下降。
    Extra Examples
    • Several factors might contribute to the development of the disease.几个因素可能对病情的发展有影响。
    • These images could potentially contribute to the development of eating disorders.这些形象可能会导致饮食紊乱症。
    • Unemployment contributes directly to homelessness.失业对无家可归情况有直接影响。
    • countries that contribute disproportionately to global warming加剧全球变暖效应的国家
    Topics Change, cause and effectb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • greatly
    • importantly
    • largely
    • …
    preposition
    • to
    See full entry
  3.  
     [intransitive, transitive] to increase, improve or add to something增加；增进；添加（到某物）
    • contribute to something Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways.移民在许多方面都对英国文化有所贡献。
    • Parental involvement contributes significantly to children's learning.父母的参与对孩子学习有重要的作用。
    • Hall's work contributed greatly to our knowledge of the disease.霍尔的工作极大地促进了我们对这种疾病的了解。
    • contribute something to something This book contributes little to our understanding of the subject.此书对我们了解这门学科助益甚少。
    Extra Examples
    • His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease.他的研究对我们认识这一疾病贡献很大。
    • people who want to contribute positively to their communities想为社区作出积极贡献的人们
  4.  
     [intransitive, transitive] to write things for a newspaper, book, website, etc. or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿；（在会议或会谈期间）讲话，（尤指）发表意见
    • The blog now has about 20 people contributing regularly.该博客现在有大约20个人定期进行贡献。
    • a contributing editor特约编辑。
    • contribute to something We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion.我们希望大家都能参与讨论。
    • Associated Press contributed to this report.美联社对此报告做出了贡献。
    • contribute something He contributed a piece on Canadian law.他对加拿大法律做出了贡献。
    • contribute something to something She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了一些稿件。
    Extra Examples
    • He contributes regularly to the magazine ‘New Scientist’.他定期给《新科学家》杂志撰稿。
    • Students are encouraged to contribute articles to the university magazine.学生们受到鼓励向大学的杂志投稿。
    • a talented photographer who contributed regularly to ‘The Face’定期向“The Face”杂志投稿的天才摄影师
    Topics TV, radio and newsb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • regularly
    preposition
    • to
    See full entry
    5. Word Originmid 16th cent.: from Latin contribut- ‘brought together, added’, from the verb contribuere, from con- ‘with’ + tribuere ‘bestow’.
contribute

verb
1 the government contributed a million pounds to the fund
GIVE , donate, give/make a donation of, put up, come up with, subscribe, hand out, grant, bestow, present, gift, accord; provide, supply, furnish; informal chip in, pitch in, fork out, dish out, shell out, cough up; Brit. informal stump up; N. Amer. informal kick in, ante up, pony up.

2 the colour scheme contributes a pervading sense of calm and peacefulness to the room
IMPART , lend, add, give, confer.

3 an article contributed by Dr Clouson
SUPPLY , provide, submit; write, compose, compile.

4 evidence suggests that a minimum wage would contribute to economic recovery
PLAY A PART IN , be instrumental in, be a factor in, be partly responsible for, have a hand in, be conducive to, make for, lead to, cause, give rise to; help, promote, advance, further, forward, oil the wheels of, open the door for, add to; formal conduce to.
-opposite(s): STAND IN THE WAY OF.
contribute
see
 ⇨ GIVE 14
 ⇨ TAKE PART/BE INVOLVED 1
contribute
con·trib·ute / kEn5trIbjut ; kEn5trIbju:t /verb
1. I,Tto give money, help, ideas etc to something that a lot of other people are also involved in捐献，捐助，捐赠:
[+ to / towards ]
•City employees cannot contribute to political campaigns.市政府雇员不得捐助政治宣传活动。
contribute sth to / towards sth
•The volunteers contribute their own time to the project.志愿者把自己的时间花在这个计划上。
2. Ito help to make something happen促成，造成〔某事发生〕:
•Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.压力是许多疾病的致病因素。
[+ to ]
•Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.在美国，酒精每年造成 10 万人死亡。
contribute substantially / significantly / greatly etc to sth
•Enya's success has contributed substantially to the current interest in Celtic music.恩雅的成功极大地引发了时下人们对凯尔特音乐的兴趣。
3. I,Tto write articles, stories, poems etc for a newspaper or magazine〔给报纸、杂志〕撰稿; 投稿;
⇒contributor:
[+ to ]
•one of several authors contributing to the book为本书撰稿的几名作者之一
contribute
verb
  ×: Oxfam and Save the Children have contributed a lot of money for the relief work.
  √: Oxfam and Save the Children have contributed a lot of money to the relief work.
  ×: When I return home, I hope to contribute my country's economic development.
  √: When I return home, I hope to contribute to my country's economic development.
     • • •
contribute (money or some other form of assistance) to sth : 'In recent years a number of major corporations have contributed large sums of money to the President's campaign funds.'
contribute ★★★☆☆
1.VERB 动词(为…)做贡献 If you contribute to something, you say or do things to help to make it successful.

【语法信息】：V to n

【语法信息】：V n to n

【语法信息】：Also V

  • The three sons also contribute to the family business...

    这3个儿子也为家族事业做出了贡献。

  • I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world...

    我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。

  • He believes he has something to contribute to a discussion concerning the uprising.

    他认为自己能够为有关起义的讨论提供一些信息。

2.VERB 动词捐献;捐助;援助 To contribute money or resources to something means to give money or resources to help pay for something or to help achieve a particular purpose.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V n to/towards n

【语法信息】：Also V

  • The US is contributing $4 billion in loans, credits and grants...

    美国将提供40亿美元的信贷和赠款。

  • They say they would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year...

    他们说他们很想捐献更多的钱支持慈善事业，但是今年的钱非常紧张。

  • NATO officials agreed to contribute troops and equipment to such an operation if the UN Security Council asked for it.

    北约官员同意可在联合国安理会要求的情况下派出部队并提供装备参加这样的军事行动。

contributor

  • ...the largest net contributors to EU funds.

    向欧盟基金净捐资额最大的捐助者

3.VERB 动词促成;促使；是导致…的原因之一 If something contributes to an event or situation, it is one of the causes of it.

【语法信息】：V to n

【语法信息】：V-ing

  • The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy...

    报告说两艘船存在的设计缺陷也促成了这场悲剧的发生。

  • Stress, both human and mechanical, may also be a contributing factor.

    来自人的和机械方面的压力可能也是一个因素。

4.VERB 动词(为报刊、书籍等)撰稿 If you contribute to a magazine, newspaper, or book, you write things that are published in it.

【语法信息】：V to n

【语法信息】：V-ing

  • I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year...

    我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章，对新的一年进行预测。

  • Frank Deford is a contributing editor for Vanity Fair magazine.

    弗兰克·德福特是杂志《名利场》的特约编辑。

contributor

  • Reporter Alan Nearn covers Central America and is a regular contributor to The New Yorker.

    记者艾伦·尼恩负责在中美洲采访报道，定期向《纽约客》杂志投稿。

contribute★★★☆☆
1[VERB 动词] (为…)做贡献；If you contribute to something, you say or do things to help to make it successful. [V to n] [V n to n] [Also V]

  • The three sons also contribute to the family business...

    这3个儿子也为家族事业做出了贡献。

  • I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world...

    我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。

  • He believes he has something to contribute to a discussion concerning the uprising.

    他认为自己能够为有关起义的讨论提供一些信息。

2[VERB 动词] 捐献;捐助;援助；To contribute money or resources to something means to give money or resources to help pay for something or to help achieve a particular purpose. [V n] [V n to/towards n] [Also V]

  • The US is contributing $4 billion in loans, credits and grants...

    美国将提供40亿美元的信贷和赠款。

  • They say they would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year...

    他们说他们很想捐献更多的钱支持慈善事业，但是今年的钱非常紧张。

  • NATO officials agreed to contribute troops and equipment to such an operation if the UN Security Council asked for it.

    北约官员同意可在联合国安理会要求的情况下派出部队并提供装备参加这样的军事行动。

contributor

  • //...the largest net contributors to EU funds.

    向欧盟基金净捐资额最大的捐助者

3[VERB 动词] 促成;促使；是导致…的原因之一；If something contributes to an event or situation, it is one of the causes of it. [V to n] [V-ing]

  • The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy...

    报告说两艘船存在的设计缺陷也促成了这场悲剧的发生。

  • Stress, both human and mechanical, may also be a contributing factor.

    来自人的和机械方面的压力可能也是一个因素。

4[VERB 动词] (为报刊、书籍等)撰稿；If you contribute to a magazine, newspaper, or book, you write things that are published in it. [V to n] [V-ing]

  • I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year...

    我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章，对新的一年进行预测。

  • Frank Deford is a contributing editor for Vanity Fair magazine.

    弗兰克·德福特是杂志《名利场》的特约编辑。

contributor

  • Reporter Alan Nearn covers Central America and is a regular contributor to The New Yorker.

    记者艾伦·尼恩负责在中美洲采访报道，定期向《纽约客》杂志投稿。

1．contribute 不论用作及物动词或不及物动词后面现在通常接 to 和动名词，很少接不定式。例如：They contributed much time to founding（很少to found）a university. 和 Exercise will contribute greatly to improving（很少to improve）your health.

2．contribute of...作“贡献……的一部分”解。例如：Every one of them is ready to contribute of his talent.
Oxford Collocations dictionary for students of English


contribute
verb

1 give

ADV. enormously, generously, greatly, handsomely, heavily, substantially His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease. Many people contributed generously to the appeal. | equally a situation where husband and wife contribute equally to the family budget | fully | financially

VERB + CONTRIBUTE be asked to, be encouraged to

PREP. to I would like to contribute to the church restoration fund. | towards The company contributed £50,000 towards training costs.

PHRASES have little/a lot/much to contribute (to sth) He had very little to contribute to the conversation.

2 help cause sth

ADV. greatly, largely, significantly, substantially Parental involvement contributes significantly to children's learning. | effectively | further | actively, directly Unemployment contributes directly to homelessness. | indirectly | undoubtedly | unwittingly

PREP. to Several factors might contribute to the development of the disease.

3 write for a newspaper, etc.

ADV. regularly a talented photographer who contributed regularly to ‘The Face’

PREP. to Students are encouraged to contribute articles to the university magazine.

contributecontributeverb1.■ give 提供[搭配]ADV.enormously, generously, greatly, handsomely, heavily, substantially
慷慨捐助；贡献巨大:His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease. 他的研究对我们认识这一疾病贡献很大。Many people contributed generously to the appeal. 许多人对这一呼吁慷慨解囊。 equally
平均负担:a situation where husband and wife contribute equally to the family budget 夫妻双方平等负担家庭预算的情况 fully
全部捐助 financially
财政上捐助[搭配]VERB + CONTRIBUTE be asked to, be encouraged to
被请求捐助；受鼓励捐助[搭配]PREP.to
向…捐献:I would like to contribute to the church restoration fund. 我愿向教堂修复基金捐款。towards
就…捐款:The company contributed ￡50000towards training costs. 这家公司提供了5万英镑作培训之用。[搭配]PHRASEShave little/a lot/much to contribute (to sth)
（对…）几乎没有贡献/贡献很大:He had very little to contribute to the conversation. 他在这次谈话中几乎什么也没说。2.■ help cause sth 促进[搭配]ADV.greatly, largely, significantly, substantially
起很大的作用；起主要作用；起重大作用:Parental involvement contributes significantly to children’s learning. 父母的参与对孩子学习有重要的作用。 effectively
起有效的作用 further
有进一步的作用 actively, directly
有积极的作用；有直接的作用:Unemployment contributes directly to homelessness. 失业直接影响到无家可归。 indirectly
有间接的作用 undoubtedly
毫无疑问地起着作用 unwittingly
无意中起作用[搭配]PREP.to
对…起作用:Several factors might contribute to the development of the disease. 几个因素可能对病情的发展有影响。3.■ write for a newspaper, etc. 为报纸等撰稿[搭配]ADV.regular ly
定期/ 经常投稿：a talented photographer who contributed regularly to ‘The Face’ 定期向“The Face”杂志投稿的天才摄影师[搭配]PREP.to
向…投稿:Students are encouraged to contribute articles to the university magazine. 学生们受到鼓励向大学的杂志投稿。
贡献
贡献

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