These words refer to acts that give impetus to something already under way. Further is the most neutral of these in indicating any sort of action of effect, intentional or not, whether stemming from the primary agent involved or from an outside person, force or factor: needing a rich patron to further his career; a pleasant voice that, without his realizing it, furthered the good impression he made on other people. The word can as easily be applied to undesirable developments: crisis conditions that furthered the spreading of hysterical rumours. Push is used informally to indicate a furthering of one’s chances by the good offices or influence of another: He promised to push their case when it came before the committee. Advance has more force than further and thus is useful for stressing intentional and decisive effort to further something desirable: selfless patriots who advance the cause of freedom. Despite these positive overtones, the word can be used, with the same increase in force, for undesirable developments: malnutrition that only advanced the progress of the disease. Here, in fact, the word suggests the speeding up of a harmful process. Advance does not carry this added weight in some of its milder uses, where it simply indicates a moving forward, putting forward, or giving before hand: armies advancing through the city; advancing his suggestion timidly; advancing part of next week’s allowance.
Contribute
contrasts sharply with the foregoing by suggesting secondary factors that give helpful but not crucial assistance to something solidly under way. Further and advance can conceivably suggest aid without which no more forward movement would result. This is far less true of contribute: recalling the lucky accidents that had contributed to her hard-earned success. The secondary factors suggested by the word may derive from intentional or fortuitous acts or from established characteristics of the subject involved, as well as from external causes: internal weaknesses that contributed to the empire’s rapid decline. Implement is a fad word in governmental or sociological parlance for the act of making more effective those arrangements that exist in theory, though not always in fact: taking steps to implement the long-standing ban against press censorship. Sometimes, the word seems to suggest the putting into effect of newly established programmes, or the enforcement of decisions that have been newly arrived at: implementing the new clearway regulations.
As your friend gets more serious about moving to a farm and you fall in love with New York City, you may feel like your dreams are moving further apart. Further is an adverb that means "to a greater distance."
Further and farther can be used interchangeably in most cases, although it's more correct to use farther when you're talking about physical distance, as in "the birds flew farther away from me," and further to mean an abstract distance, when two things are moving apart in terms of ideals, agreement, or thoughts. There's also a verb form of further that means "to promote the growth or progress of," which you might use in a sentence like, "These new gigs should help him further his success as a rock musician."
They had evidence from 10 boys that he'd abused them - and statements from a further 11 boys who were witnesses.
BBC(Jul 11, 2014)
But Mr. Khamenei went further, insisting that eventually Iran would “need 190,000 centrifuges,” to produce fuel for future nuclear power plants.
New York Times(Jul 11, 2014)
Tudor said Thursday the atomic-energy agency “is aware of the notification from Iraq and is in contact to seek further details.”
Seattle Times(Jul 11, 2014)
And further questions need to be addressed, including how much of an impact it will have in other parts of the world.
BBC(Jul 11, 2014)
They declined to give further information, but the German media reported the suspect worked for the Defense Ministry.
Seattle Times(Jul 11, 2014)
1
1
advto or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense)
further complicated by uncertainty about the future let's not discuss it further nothing could be further from the truth they are further along in their research than we expected
3 = promote, advance, assist, encourage, forward, help, lend support to, work for
fur·ther
I
\\ˈfər-thər\\ adverb
ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Old English furthor (akin to Old High German furthar further), comparative, from the base of Old English forth forth
DATE before 12th century
1.farther 1 my ponies are tired, and I have further to go — Thomas Hardy 2. in addition :moreover 3. to a greater degree or extent further annoyed by a second intrusion Usage:seefarther
: to help forward :promote Synonyms:seeadvance • fur·ther·er \\ˈfər-thər-ər\\ noun
III
adjective
DATE 13th century
1.farther 1 rode…across the valley and up the further slopes — T. E. Lawrence 2. going or extending beyond :additional further volumes further education Usage:seefarther
For further details call this number.欲知详情,请拨打这个电话号码。
Can you give me any further information?你能给我更多的信息吗?
further investigation/research/study/analysis进一步调查/研究/研究/分析
This week provided further evidence of an unfolding global energy crisis.本周提供了进一步证据,证明正在发生的全球能源危机。
No further developments have been reported.没有进一步的进展报道。
We have decided to take no further action.我们决定不采取进一步行动。
The museum is closed until further notice(= until we say that it is open again).博物馆现在闭馆,开馆时间另行通知。
Language Bank additionadditionAdding another item补充说明
Bilingual children do better in IQ tests than children who speak only one language. In addition/What is more, they seem to find it easier to learn third or even fourth languages.讲两种语言的儿童比只讲一种语言的儿童智商测试得分更高。此外/而且,讲两种语言的儿童似乎在学习第三种甚至第四种语言时觉得更容易。
Learning another language not only improves children’s job prospects in later life, but also boosts their self-esteem.学习另一种语言不仅可以提升儿童未来的职业前景,而且可以增强他们的自尊心。
Teaching children a second language improves their job prospects in later life. Other benefits include increased self-esteem and greater tolerance of other cultures.教儿童第二语言可以提升他们未来的职业前景。此外,还可以使他们获得更强的自尊心、对其他文化更包容。
Another/One further/One additional reason for encouraging bilingual education is that it boosts children’s self-esteem.另一个鼓励双语教育的原因是它能增强儿童的自尊心。
Studies suggest that bilingual children find it easier to learn additional languages. There is, moreover, increasing evidence that bilingual children perform better across a range of school subjects, not just foreign languages.研究表明,讲两种语言的儿童学习其他语言觉得更容易。此外,越来越多的证据表明,讲两种语言的儿童不仅在外语学习上,同时在其他各门学科的学习上都表现得更好。
His claim that children find bilingual education confusing is based on very little evidence. Moreover, the evidence he does provide is seriously flawed.他认为双语教育会使儿童感到迷惑的说法几乎是没有依据的。况且,他仅有的证据也是有严重缺陷的。
Research has shown that first-language development is not impeded by exposure to a second language. Furthermore, there is no evidence to support the claim that children find bilingual education confusing.研究已经表明,接触第二语言不会妨碍第一语言的发展。而且,没有证据支持双语教育使儿童感到迷惑这种说法。
Extra Examples
After further discussion a decision was reached.经过进一步讨论后,做出了决定。
Do you have any further questions?您还有其他问题吗?
This performance offers yet further proof that she is one of the great musicians of this generation.这次演出进一步证明了她是这一代伟大的音乐家之一。
We cannot afford any further delay.我们再也承受不了任何延迟。
Oxford Collocations DictionaryFurther is used with these nouns:
(comparative of farfar 的比较级)(especially British English)at or to a greater distance(空间距离)较远,更远synonymfarther
We had walked a bit further than I had realized.我们走了比我想象的要远的地方。
I'm too tired to go any further.我太累了,无法继续前进。
further north/south/east/west更北/南/东/西
Two miles further on we came to a small town.我们又走了两英里,来到了一座小镇。
The hospital is further down the road.沿这条路走下去就是医院。
Can you stand a bit further away?你能不能站远一点?
a longer way in the past or the future(过去或未来)较远,更久远
Think further back into your childhood.再往前回想你的童年。
How will the company be doing ten years further on?十年以后公司的情况将如何呢?
to a greater degree or extent进一步;在更大程度上;在更大范围内
to develop/increase/enhance/improve something further进一步发展/增加/增强/改善
to strengthen/support something further加强/进一步支持
Costs must be further reduced.成本必须进一步降低。
The police decided to investigate further.警方决定作进一步调查。
My life is further complicated by having to work such long hours.我得工作这么长的时间,因此生活中的麻烦事就更多了。
She was getting further and further into debt.她越来越负债。
Nothing could be further from the truth.绝不是那回事。
Their share price fell further today.他们的股价今天进一步下跌。
(formal)in addition to what has just been said此外;而且synonymfurthermore
Further, it is important to consider the cost of repairs.此外,重要的是要考虑修理费用。
Which Word? farther / further / farthest / furthestfarther / further / farthest / furthest
These are the comparative and superlative forms of far.
To talk about distance, use either farther, farthest or further, furthest. In British English, further, furthest are the more common forms and in North American English, farther and farthest:
I have to travel further/farther to work now.现在我得走更远的路去上班。
To talk about the degree or extent of something, further/furthest are usually preferred:表示事物的程度或幅度通常宜用 further/furthest:
Let’s consider this point further.让我们更深入地考虑这一点。
Further, but not farther, can also mean ‘more’ or ‘additional’:further 亦可表示更加或进一步,farther 则无此意:
Are there any further questions?还有什么问题吗?
This sounds very formal in North American English.
Word OriginOld English furthor (adverb), furthra (adjective), fyrthrian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to forth.
Idioms
far/farther/further afield
far away from home; to or in places that are not near远离家乡;去远处;在远方
You can hire a car if you want to explore further afield.假如你想逛更远的地方,可以租辆汽车。
Journalists came from as far afield as China.新闻记者有的来自遥远的中国。
go further
to say more about something, or make a more extreme point about it进一步说;提出更极端的意见
I would go even further and suggest that the entire government is corrupt.我甚至进而想要说,整个政府都是腐败的。
to last longer; to serve more people更经久;为更多人服务
They watered down the soup to make it go further.他们往汤里掺水,好让更多的人喝。
go no further | not go any further
if you tell somebody that a secret will go no further, you promise not to tell it to anyone else到此为止;不再传下去
look no further
used to say that something is exactly what somebody needs and so they do not need to consider any other options更多的;更进一步的;附加的
Those looking for an enjoyable evening need look no further than the hotel's nightclub.那些想要度过一个愉悦夜晚的人,不需要的就只是酒店的夜总会。
take something further
to take more serious action about something or speak to somebody at a higher level about it采取进一步行动;把…向上级反映
I am not satisfied with your explanation and intend to take the matter further.我对你的解释不满意,打算进一步探讨这个问题。
Word OriginOld English furthor (adverb), furthra (adjective), fyrthrian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to forth.
further
adverb 1Orkney is further from the mainland than the Western Isles AT A GREATER DISTANCE , more distant, longer away. -opposite(s): CLOSER.
2nothing could be further from the truth MORE UNLIKE , less like. -opposite(s): CLOSER.
3this theme will be developed further in Chapter 6 ADDITIONALLY , more, to a greater extent.
4further, firms' employment practices may be discriminatory when they appear not to be FURTHERMORE , moreover, what's more, also, additionally, in addition, besides, as well, too, to boot, on top of that, over and above that, into the bargain, by the same token; archaic withal, forbye.
adjective 1the further side of the field MORE DISTANT , more remote, remoter, more advanced, more extreme, further away/off, farther; far, other, opposite. -opposite(s): NEARER ; NEAR,
2the further reaches of the valley REMOTE , distant, far away/off, far removed. -opposite(s): NEAR.
3for further information please contact the Visitors' Office ADDITIONAL , more, extra, supplementary, supplemental, other; new, fresh.
verb he decided to further his career in politics PROMOTE , advance, forward, develop, stimulate; facilitate, aid, assist, help, help along, lend a hand to, abet; expedite, hasten, speed up, accelerate, step up, spur on, oil the wheels of, push, give a push to, boost, encourage, cultivate, nurture, succour; back, contribute to, foster, champion. -opposite(s): IMPEDE.
furtheradverb | adjective | verb 1 fur·ther / 5fLT[ ; 5f\:TE /adverb 1.MORE 更多地, more, or to a greater degree进一步; 在更大程度上:
•A spokesman declined to comment until the evidence could be studied further.一位发言人拒绝在证据得到进一步验证之前发表评论。
•The flavour of the wine is further improved during the aging period.葡萄酒在陈年过程中味道会进一步变好。
•Whaling in Australia was stopped. But the Australian government went further (=said or did something more extreme) and proposed a global ban.澳大利亚已停止捕鲸,但是澳大利亚政府更进一步,建议全球禁捕。
[+ into / away etc ]
•Marcus sank further and further into debt.马库斯的债越欠越多。
2.take sth further to take action at a more serious or higher level, especially in order to get the result you want进一步做某事〔尤为取得所需结果〕:
•The police do not propose to take the matter further .警方不打算进一步追查此事。
take sth a stage / step further
•Critics want the government to take this one stage further and ban the film altogether.批评人士希望政府的这一举动能更进一步,全面禁止这部影片。
3.DISTANCE距离 also farther, a greater distance, or beyond a particular place更远; 再往前地:
•They walked a little further.他们又往前走了一点。
[+ up / away / along etc ]
•His farm is located further away from Riobamba than his brother's.他的农场比他兄弟的农场离里奥班巴更远。
•His hands moved further down her back.他的手在她背上继续往下滑。
•They've never been further south than San Diego.他们从没有到过比圣迭戈更往南的地方。
4.TIME 时间, into the past or the future〔过去或未来〕更久远,较远: [+ back / on / ahead etc ]
•Five years further on, a cure has still not been found.五年过去了,仍未找到对症的疗法。
•The records don't go any further back than 1960.记录没有 1960 年以前的。
•It might be a sign, much further down the road (=in the future), of a change in policy.这或许是未来政策改变的一个迹象。
5.IN ADDITION 而且, sentence adverbformalused to introduce something additional that you want to talk about此外; 而且;SYNfurthermore
•Butter sales have fallen because margarine has improved in flavor. Further, butter consumption has decreased because of links to heart disease.黄油销量下滑是因为人造黄油的味道有了改进。 此外,因为与心脏疾病有关,黄油的消耗量也减少了。
6.further to sthwritten formalused in letters to mention a previous letter, conversation etc about the same matter关于某事〔用于书信,提及上次有关同一事情的信件、谈话等〕:
•Further to your letter of February 5th, we can confirm your order.关于贵方 2 月 5 日来函,我们确认贵方之订单。
7.nothing could be further from the truth used when you want to say that something is completely untrue完全不是事实:
•People often described him as a bitter academic, but nothing could be further from the truth.人们经常说他是个爱发牢骚的书呆子,但事实完全不是那样。
8.nothing could be / is further from sb's mind / thoughts used to emphasize that someone is not thinking about or intending something某人根本没在想(打算做)某事 9.sth must not go any further used to say that something you are telling someone is secret or private某事不可外传 2 furtheradjectiveonly before noun 1. more or additional更多的; 附加的:
•Are there any further questions? 还有什么问题吗? We have decided to take no further action .我们决定不采取进一步行动。
further details / information etc
•Visit our website for further details.详情请访问我们的网站。
a further 10 miles / 5 minutes etc
•Cook gently for a further 10 minutes.再用文火煮 10 分钟。
2.until further notice until you are told that something has changed另行通知:
•Lacunza ordered the suspension of the elections until further notice.拉昆萨下令暂停选举,等待另行通知。
3 furtherverbT 1. to help something progress or be successful促进,推动; ⇒promote:
•He dedicated his life to furthering the cause of world peace.他一生致力于推动世界和平事业。
•Alan had been using her to further his career .艾伦一直在利用她来发展自己的事业。
further ★★★★★
Further is a comparative form of far. It is also a verb.
further 是 far 的比较级,亦用作动词。
1.ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式进一步地;在更大程度上;在更大范围内Further means to a greater extent or degree.
【搭配模式】:ADV with v
Inflation is below 5% and set to fall further...
通货膨胀率在 5%以下,而且还将进一步下降。
The rebellion is expected to further damage the country's image...
预计叛乱将会进一步破坏这个国家的形象。
The government's economic policies have further depressed living standards.
政府的经济政策愈加降低了人们的生活水平。
2.ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式(发展中)进一步地,向前推进地 If you go or get furtherwith something, or take something further, you make some progress.
【搭配模式】:ADV with v
They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。
3.ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式(讨论中)进一步地,更极端地,更彻底地 If someone goes further in a discussion, they make a more extreme statement or deal with a point more thoroughly.
【搭配模式】:ADV after v
On February 7th the Post went further, claiming that Mr Wood had grabbed and kissed another 13 women...
2 月 7 日的《邮报》走得更远,声称伍德先生还强行抓住亲吻过另外 13 名女性。
To have a better comparison, we need to go further and address such issues as repairs and insurance.
为了更好地作出比较,我们需要深入考虑维修、保险等问题。
4.ADJ 形容词更多的;附加的;另外的 A further thing, number of things, or amount of something is an additional thing, number of things, or amount.
【搭配模式】:ADJ n
His speech provides further evidence of his increasingly authoritarian approach...
他的讲话更加证明了他变得越来越独裁。
They believed there were likely to be further attacks...
他们认为很可能会有更多的袭击。
There was nothing further to be done for this man.
对于这个男人再没什么能做的了。
5.ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式(距离上)更远地,再往前地Further means a greater distance than before or than something else.
【搭配模式】:ADV adv/prep
Now we live further away from the city centre...
现在我们住得离市中心更远了。
He came to a halt at a crossroads fifty yards further on...
他在往前 50 码远的十字路口停了下来。
An old man shuffled out of a doorway further along the corridor...
一位老先生拖着步子从走廊更远处的一个门口走了出来。
Further to the south are some of the island's loveliest unspoilt coves.
再往南走有一些这个岛上尚未被破坏的迷人小海湾。
6.ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式(时间上)更(早或晚)Further is used in expressions such as 'further back' and 'further ahead' to refer to a point in time that is earlier or later than the time you are talking about.
【搭配模式】:ADV adv/prep
Looking still further ahead, by the end of the next century world population is expected to be about ten billion.
再往前看,到下个世纪末世界人口预计将达约 100 亿。
7.VERB 动词促进;推进;增进 If you further something, you help it to progress, to be successful, or to be achieved.
【语法信息】:V n
In return, they are themselves accused of furthering their own (leftist) political interests...
作为回应,他们自己也被指责推动自己的(左翼)政治利益。
Education needn't only be about furthering your career.
受教育并不一定只是要推进一个人的事业。
8.ADV 副词而且;再者;此外 You use further to introduce a statement that relates to the same general topic and that gives additional information or makes an additional point.
【搭配模式】:ADV with cl
【语域标签】:FORMAL 正式
Dodd made no appeal of his death sentence and, further, instructed his attorney to sue anyone who succeeds in delaying his execution.
多德没有对自己的死刑判决提起上诉,而且他还要求自己的律师起诉任何成功使得这一死刑暂缓执行的人。
9.PREP-PHRASE 短语介词(用于书信中)关于贵方信中所提/关于我们所谈到的Further to is used in letters in expressions such as 'further to your letter' or 'further to our conversation', in order to indicate what you are referring to in the letter.
【语域标签】:BRIT 英
【语域标签】:FORMAL 正式
Further to your letter, I agree that there are some presentational problems, politically speaking.
正如贵方信中所提到的,我也认为从政治角度来说,有一些词语表意上的问题。
further★★★★★
Further is a comparative form of far. It is also a verb.
further 是 far 的比较级,亦用作动词。
1[ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式] 进一步地;在更大程度上;在更大范围内;Further means to a greater extent or degree. [ADV with v]
Inflation is below 5% and set to fall further...
通货膨胀率在 5%以下,而且还将进一步下降。
The rebellion is expected to further damage the country's image...
预计叛乱将会进一步破坏这个国家的形象。
The government's economic policies have further depressed living standards.
政府的经济政策愈加降低了人们的生活水平。
2[ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式] (发展中)进一步地,向前推进地;If you go or get furtherwith something, or take something further, you make some progress. [ADV with v]
They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。
3[ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式] (讨论中)进一步地,更极端地,更彻底地;If someone goes further in a discussion, they make a more extreme statement or deal with a point more thoroughly. [ADV after v]
On February 7th the Post went further, claiming that Mr Wood had grabbed and kissed another 13 women...
2 月 7 日的《邮报》走得更远,声称伍德先生还强行抓住亲吻过另外 13 名女性。
To have a better comparison, we need to go further and address such issues as repairs and insurance.
为了更好地作出比较,我们需要深入考虑维修、保险等问题。
4[ADJ 形容词] 更多的;附加的;另外的;A further thing, number of things, or amount of something is an additional thing, number of things, or amount. [ADJ n]
His speech provides further evidence of his increasingly authoritarian approach...
他的讲话更加证明了他变得越来越独裁。
They believed there were likely to be further attacks...
他们认为很可能会有更多的袭击。
There was nothing further to be done for this man.
对于这个男人再没什么能做的了。
5[ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式] (距离上)更远地,再往前地;Further means a greater distance than before or than something else. [ADV adv/prep]
Now we live further away from the city centre...
现在我们住得离市中心更远了。
He came to a halt at a crossroads fifty yards further on...
他在往前 50 码远的十字路口停了下来。
An old man shuffled out of a doorway further along the corridor...
一位老先生拖着步子从走廊更远处的一个门口走了出来。
Further to the south are some of the island's loveliest unspoilt coves.
再往南走有一些这个岛上尚未被破坏的迷人小海湾。
6[ADV-COMPAR 副词比较级形式] (时间上)更(早或晚);Further is used in expressions such as 'further back' and 'further ahead' to refer to a point in time that is earlier or later than the time you are talking about. [ADV adv/prep]
Looking still further ahead, by the end of the next century world population is expected to be about ten billion.
再往前看,到下个世纪末世界人口预计将达约 100 亿。
7[VERB 动词] 促进;推进;增进;If you further something, you help it to progress, to be successful, or to be achieved. [V n]
In return, they are themselves accused of furthering their own (leftist) political interests...
作为回应,他们自己也被指责推动自己的(左翼)政治利益。
Education needn't only be about furthering your career.
受教育并不一定只是要推进一个人的事业。
8[ADV 副词] 而且;再者;此外;You use further to introduce a statement that relates to the same general topic and that gives additional information or makes an additional point. [ADV with cl] [Formal]
Dodd made no appeal of his death sentence and, further, instructed his attorney to sue anyone who succeeds in delaying his execution.
多德没有对自己的死刑判决提起上诉,而且他还要求自己的律师起诉任何成功使得这一死刑暂缓执行的人。
9[PREP-PHRASE 短语介词] (用于书信中)关于贵方信中所提/关于我们所谈到的;Further to is used in letters in expressions such as 'further to your letter' or 'further to our conversation', in order to indicate what you are referring to in the letter. [BRIT 英] [Formal]
Further to your letter, I agree that there are some presentational problems, politically speaking.